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Introduction
to the Low Energy Neurofeedback System (LENS): Len Ochs
January 15-18, 2007
Agenda Ochs
- Day
1 I: Theory and Concept: Ochs: Understanding the
Bases of EEG-Driven Stimulation:
-
- Abstract for Day 1: The history LENS approach to
neurofeedback, as well as its similarities and differences from traditional
neurofeedback are discussed in day one, along with the essential concepts,
core paradigm, principles, and areas of applicability. Dominant frequency,
frequency offset, feedback frequency, sensitivity, hyper- and
hypo-reactivity to stimulation, cortical permeability and integration, and
structural vs. functional impairments and improvements are some of the areas
covered. A first LENS session will be done with a patient to demonstrate
intake and initial decision making.
-
- (duration of each item in parens, with 15 minutes out
for break)
-
-
·
Paradigms and Principles: 6 hours
-
- Objectives, Day 1:
-
- To provide a theoretical and conceptual overview of
the LENS approach, especially in relation to the theory, concepts, and
practices of traditional neurofeedback.
-
- To define the core paradigms and principles of the
LENS approach so that the central elements, issues, approaches, and
practices make sense to the attendees.
-
-
- Objective: To provide the LENS system with both a
biofeedback and neurofeedback context.
- Content:
-
·
Placing Neurofeedback within the field of Biofeedback (40)
-
·
Placing LENS within the field of Neurofeedback (40)
- Objective: To provide both conceptual and historical
context.
- Content:
-
·
The Concept of EEG-driven Stimulation (30)
-
·
History and development of the LENS (35)
- Objective: To describe areas to which the LENS applies
as well as to begin to describe the core concepts underlying how the LENS
works.
- Content:
-
·
Fields of Application of the LENS (40)
-
·
The core algorithm: Dominant Frequency (20)
-
·
Offset (30)
-
o
Defined
-
o
Purpose
-
o
Effects on the dominant
-
o
The offset as a pressure on the dominant frequency to move out
of its habitual excursion
-
o
Positive and negative offsets and the tendency of the dominant
freq to be higher and to function well
- Objective: To present CNS problems as problems with
stimulation
- Objective: To discuss major patient variables:
sensitivity, reactivity, fatigue, and hardiness
- Content:
-
·
Stimulation, under- and over- (40)
-
·
Sensitivity and Reactivity (45)
- Objective: To define and provide the clinical
implications of comodulation
- Content:
-
·
Comodulation (Amplitude binding) the encumbering of
interdependence among sites (20)
- Objective: To underscore the importance of cortical
(vs. subcortical) competence, as well as some of the other qualities, as
well as the process of transitioning between cortical competence and
incompetence, and back again.
- Content:
-
·
Cortex: Its function as an inhibitor to subcortical activity
(15)
-
·
Selective permeability, dysfunction, and the permitting of
selected band activity to be recorded at the scalp leading to the appearance
of band activity (15)
-
·
Functional versus structural impairments and improvements (15)
-
-
- Day 2
II: Hardware and Software
Development:
-
- Abstract for Day 2: The technical historical
development of the LENS hardware and software is detailed to exemplify
material covered in Day 1: why flashing lights were initially used; how the
hardware modernized to include microprocessors and the consequent problems
that led to the discovery of the radio frequency carrier wave for the
feedback and why flashing lights were dropped. The place that accidents,
errors, and mistakes had and how they shaped the development of the modern
system. The evolution of the Report generator and how it guides clinical
decision making and re-evaluations. Features of the USE3 J&J Physiolab
software: how to turn it on and off; features of the screen menus, session
controls, display controls, saving and exporting data. A second session
with the patient will be done to illustrate part of the evaluation.
Practice will be given in the Offset evaluation.
-
- Objectives, Day 2:
-
- To concretize the Day 1 presentations by describing
the LENS hardware and software as they developed historically so that the
both hardware and practices make technical sense to the attendees, and the
hardware and software exemplify the paradigms and principles discussed in
Day 1.
-
- To describe several inadvertent triple blind
experiments that help move the effects of the LENS beyond placebo.
-
- To demonstrate and familiarize the attendees with
elements of the USE3 and LENS software for Windows XP.
-
- To practice starting and exiting from the LENS
software, as well as running and terminating feedback sessions.
-
- Objective: To describe the predecessors to the LENS
- Content:
-
·
Light and Sound Machines (40)
-
·
The Predecessors and Competitors of Modern LENS (40)
- Objective: The evolution of the EEGs and data analysis
software
- Content:
-
·
From the J&J I-400 to the J&J C2 Family of EEGs (40)
-
·
From Excel macros to the report generator (25)
-
·
Development of the Report Generator (40)
-
·
Concepts emerging from the Offset and Map: Empirically
deriving the Offset and Site Treatment Plan (40)
-
-
- Objective: To introduce USE 3: turning it on
and off, the toolbars, and saving and exporting data.
- Content:
- Introduction to Use USE3: - 1 hour
-
·
Features of the graphic interface
-
o
Entering USE3 (10)
-
o
The Screen Menu (10)
-
o
The Session Controls: Task scheduler, Pause, Record
On/Off/Exit (10)
-
o
The Display Controls (10)
-
o
Saving and exporting data (10)
-
o
Excel and troubleshooting (10)
- Objective: Provide practice in turning USE 3 on and
off, working session and display controls, and saving and exporting data.
- Content:
-
·
Practice with screen elements: 3 hours
-
o
The Instruction Summary as the source of all instructions
(10)
-
o
Client data (10)
-
o
Choosing Applications (5)
-
o
Sensor site and impedance (10)
-
o
Task scheduler, task duration, and intensity setting (20)
-
o
Pausing and resuming (5)
-
o
Stopping the session (5)
-
o
Exiting (10)
-
o
Updating software (10)
-
o
How to set up and run an Offset Evaluation (40)
- Day
3
The Report Generator: 4 Hours
-
- Abstract for Day 3: Importing data, Offset and
Mapping reports will be explicated, demonstrated, and illustrated in the
third session with the patient. Participants will get practice in
performing topographic brain maps. We will also discuss two paper and
pencil questionnaires: a CNS questionnaire the best predictor of outcome
for the LENS, and a sensitivity/reactivity questionnaire which helps predict
and identify variables that help select feedback dosage, as well those that
may bear on abreactions during treatment. Practice in performing feedback
after considering how to put together information from the Offset and
Mapping evaluations. Session three with the patient will occur,
demonstrating the integration of the information heard and practiced.
-
- Objectives, Day 3:
- To demonstrate the management
of data from its export from USE3, to its import and generation of
information, treatment plans, and treatment evaluation in the Report
Generator.
- Content:
-
·
About data: where its located; copying (processing) into the
Report Generator (10)
-
·
Processing, or importing, session data (10)
-
- Objective: To provide practice for attendees in making
topographic maps and offset evaluations.
- Content
-
·
Practice with the Report Generator (3 hours, 25 minutes)
-
o
Importing
-
o
Choosing reports
-
o
Viewing and printing reports
-
o
Combining sessions for maps
-
o
Correcting sensor sites
-
o
Replacing lost reports
-
o
Updating software
-
-
- Objectives:
-
·
Again, to concretize the paradigms and principles by the use
of the Report Generator to show how it becomes a tool to generate treatment
plans and treatment re-evaluations.
-
·
To illustrate issues important in the conduct of the LENS
approach so that the clinician can more intelligently inform the prospective
client about the risks and benefits of his/her particular involvement.
-
·
To present clinical questionnaires related to central nervous
system (CNS) functioning, as well as sensitivity, reactivity, robustness,
and suppression to help the clinician predict the course of therapy.
-
·
To present ways to integrate the historical, clinical, and EEG
data into something that makes sense to the clinician and prospective
client.
- Content:
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·
III: Developing Clinical Skills: 4 Hours (less 15 mins
for break)
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-
o
Tools of Evaluation:
-
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Clinical Interview
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The CNS Questionnaire
-
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The Reactivity, Suppression, Hardiness questionnaire
-
o
Reading the Offset Evaluation
-
o
The Map as a session treatment plan
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- Day
4
More Practice; Managing Treatment: 4 Hours (less 15 mins for break)
-
- Abstract for Day 4: More practicum of Offsets,
Mapping, and Treatment; Discussion of issues related to client complexity;
what is know, not known, guessable, and derivable from the application of
evaluations and treatment. How to make a therapeutic alliance; symptom
indexes; overdose vs. treatment milestones and issues; re-evaluation of
progress and protocol changing; topographies of healing; closing.
-
- Objectives, Day 4:
-
- To obtain more practice doing evaluations and
treatment
-
- To begin the discussion of clinical complexity:
integrating client sensitivity, re-formulating prognoses, enlisting
collaboration from the client, symptom indexes,
-
- To discuss and handle questions on such issues of
discriminating stages of treatments from overdose, redefining treatment
protocols, and the courses of healing and recovery of function as they
correlate with systems of symptoms.
-
o
Conducting Early Treatment Sessions
-
o
Making a Prognosis after Three Treatment Sessions
-
o
Discerning the simple versus the complex case
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o
Helping the Client to be a Colleague
-
o
Keeping Clinical Progress Notes
-
o
The Subjective Symptom Rating Scale
-
o
When to bring in Psychotherapy or other modalities
-
- Objective
-
·
Making sure everyone has administered an Offset, Map, and
Feedback Session
- Content:
- Continued practice in Offset, Map, and Feedback session
evaluation 4 hours less 15 minutes for break.
-
- Objective:
- Presentation of clinical material re hurdles in
treatment, changing protocols, how to provide a context for the feelings
they encounter and will probably experience.
-
- Content:
-
·
Evaluating Response to Treatment: 4 Hours (less 15 mins
for break)
-
o
Preparing the client for Overdose
-
o
Distinguishing overdose from experiences to go through
-
o
Processing Overdose
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o
Changing Protocols
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The Topography of Healing
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o
Questions, Discussion, and Exam
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